Editorial Article

Present scenario on dengue disease in various states of India 

Year: 2023; Volume: 3; Issue: 4; Page No: 1 – 3

Author:   Jayanthi Sureshbabu^*

https://doi.org/10.55349/ijmsnr.20233413

Affiliation:  Editor-In-Chief, International Journal of Medical Sciences and Nursing Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India and Former Lecturer in Medical Entomology, Department of Community Medicine, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalapet, Pondicherry, India.

Email ID:  Editor-in-chief@ijmsnr.com

Article Summary:  Submitted:  05-October-2023;  Revised:  20-October-2023; Accepted:  12-November-2023; Published:  31-December-2023

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Introduction 

Dengue (DENG-gey) fever is causes by mosquito borne illness. It is a major hazard which is preventable and a dangerous one and it causes of death of many humans.  It is a sever flu like illness and it affects infants, children, adolescents, and adults. [1] Dengue diseases is transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito and is seen in the rainy season every year. [2] It is global burden vector-borne disease among human beings.  High temperature and flu show the symptoms for mild dengue in the world level.  It is a viral infection which is spreads from mosquitoes to human beings. [3] It is more common in tropical and subtropical climates.  Many people who are affected by dengue, they won’t have symptoms.  Most of the dengue patients will cure with 1 or 2 weeks.  Severe patients only need hospital care.  Some severe dengue cases lead to death.  Avoid mosquito bites especially during data time.  In this article, I have to discuss about the symptoms of Dengue, its prevention and control, dengue cases in various states.

Symptoms for Dengue:

Dengue symptoms occur normally begin from 4 to 10 days after infection.  These symptoms are high fever (40 degree Centigrade), sever headache, pain behind the eyes, muscle and joint pains, nausea, vomiting, swollen glands and rashes in the affected patients.  [4]

Prevention and Control:

Mosquitoes that spreading the disease dengue are active during the day time. [5] Lower the risk of getting dengue by protecting yourself from mosquito bites by using the following methods by wearing the clothes that cover as much of your body as possible, mosquito nets if sleeping during the day, ideally nets sprayed with insect usage of repellent, window screens, mosquito repellents and coils and vaporizers.  If anyone gets dengue then the following things are very important take rest properly, drink plenty of liquids, use acetaminophen (paracetamol) for pain, avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, like ibuprofen and aspirin, watch for severe symptoms and contact your doctor as soon as possible.  One vaccine Dengvaxia [6] has been approved and licensed in some countries.  This vaccine for the prevention of dengue disease caused by dengue virus serotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4.  However, only persons with evidence of past dengue infection can be protected by this vaccine.  Several additional dengue vaccines are under evaluation.  Distribution of dengue cases and deaths in various states and union territories of India from year 2018 – 2023 as shown in Table – 1.

Table – 1 Distribution of dengue cases and deaths in various states and union territories of India from year 2018 – 2023  [7]

*Provisional till 17^th September 2023; C = Cases, D = Deaths, NR = Not Reported

Source:  National Center for Vector Brone Diseases Control, Directorate General of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health & Family welfare, Government of India.

Conclusion:  From this article, I have concluded that the dengue is a very dangerous disease in mosquito borne disease.  Very careful with mosquito bite in the day time.  High degree of fever more than 5 days and pain behind the eye ball immediately blood check-up is mandatory to dengue.  Product yourself from mosquito bite by some precautionary methods.  Dengvaxia vaccine for the prevention of dengue disease caused by dengue virus serotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4.  In future dengue related research is needed to know its impact, and severity in all parts/regions/states/district/places of India.

References

1. Thomas EA, John M, andd Kanish B. Mucocutaneous manifestations of dengue fever.  Indian J Dermatol 2010;55(1):79-85.  DOI:  https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.60359   [PMC free Article]  [PMID]
2. Arshad I, Malik FA, Hussain A, Shah SAR. Dengue fever; Clinico-pathologic correlations and their association with poor outcome.  Professional Med J 2011:18;57-63  [Google Scholar]
3. Hasan S, Jamdar SF, Alalowi M, and Sl Beaiji SMAA. Dengue Virus:  A global human threat: Review of literature.  J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2016;6(1):1-6.  DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-0762.175416   [PMID]
4. Schaefer TJ, Panda PK, Wolford RW. Dengue Fever.  Treasure Island (FL): StatePearls Publishing 2023.  Booksheif ID:  NBK430732  [PMID]
5. UNICEF: Dengue: How to keep children safe – Advice for families to protect against dengue.  Available from: https://www.unicef.org/rosa/stories/dengue-how-keep-children-safe    [Lat accessed on: 10^th September 2023]
6. FDA: Vaccines, Blood & Biologics – Dengvaxia. Available from:  https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/dengvaxia  [Last Accessed on: 15^th October 2023]
7. Dengue situation in India. Available from:  https://ncvbdc.mohfw.gov.in/index4.php?lang=1&level=0&linkid=431&lid=3715  [Last Accessed on:  05^th October 2023] 

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